Wayne Lumbasi
The United Nations has sharply criticised Uganda for deploying troops to South Sudan, warning that the move violates an existing UN arms embargo and risks destabilising the already fragile peace process in the country.
According to a report from the UN Panel of Experts, Uganda sent armed forces, including tanks and helicopters, into South Sudan in early 2025. The panel stated that this deployment constitutes a breach of the UN Security Council’s arms embargo, established under Resolution 2428 and reinforced by subsequent resolutions. The embargo explicitly prohibits the transfer of weapons or armed personnel to South Sudan in order to prevent renewed violence.
Uganda has defended its actions, claiming the troops were sent to support the government of President Salva Kiir amid mounting tensions with former Vice President Riek Machar. Kampala framed the deployment as necessary to safeguard stability and prevent the outbreak of civil conflict. The operation, reportedly called “Mlinzi wa Kimya” (Silent Guardian), has been ongoing for several months, though its legality under international law has been widely questioned.
The UN and regional actors have expressed concern that Uganda’s military involvement could undermine the peace agreement in South Sudan, which remains fragile following years of civil war. Opposition figures and civil society groups have denounced Uganda’s presence as external interference, warning that it risks reigniting fighting and escalating humanitarian crises.
Regional organizations, including the African Union, have also highlighted the potential dangers of prolonged Ugandan military presence. They have urged Kampala to withdraw its forces to support a peaceful resolution to the political standoff between President Kiir and Vice President Machar.
The situation underscores the complex dynamics in South Sudan, where foreign involvement continues to influence internal politics and security. UN experts stress that adherence to the arms embargo is crucial for maintaining the fragile peace process and preventing further destabilization in the Horn of Africa.
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